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Electrodissolution-driven enhancement in Zn electrode reversibility.

Zhongxi Zhao1, Jianwen Yu1, Jiangfeng Huang1

  • 1Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.

Science Bulletin
|February 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding zinc electrodissolution is key to improving aqueous zinc battery lifespan. This study reveals how dissolution pathways and crystal plane differences impact zinc deposition and "dead zinc" formation, leading to longer battery life.

Keywords:
ConcentrationDead ZnIrreversibilityMicrostructureZn electrodissolution

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Aqueous zinc batteries (AZBs) face challenges with zinc electrode reversibility.
  • Current strategies often overlook the critical role of electrodissolution in AZBs.
  • Electrodissolution significantly influences subsequent zinc deposition and battery performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively elucidate the electrodissolution behavior of zinc electrodes in AZBs.
  • To understand the impact of electrodissolution on zinc deposition and battery irreversibility.
  • To identify mechanisms leading to "dead zinc" formation and propose solutions.

Main Methods:

  • Microscopic investigation of zinc dissolution pathways at varying current densities.
  • Quantitative analysis of dissolution area and depth under different operating protocols.
  • Theoretical calculations and experimental tests to determine crystal plane dissolution differences.
  • Morphological characterization and electrochemical-mass transport coupling models.
  • Epitaxial growth for constructing preferred-orientation zinc electrodes.

Main Results:

  • Zinc electrodissolution evolves from point to line to surface dissolution with increasing current density.
  • Dissolution resistance varies across different zinc crystal planes: (110) < (101) < (103) < (102) < (100) < (002).
  • Dissolution reshapes the electrode surface and interfacial microenvironment, influencing deposition nucleation and growth.
  • The mechanism of "dead zinc" formation is clarified by considering structural heterogeneity and concentration gradients.
  • Preferred-orientation zinc electrodes showed uniform dissolution and a 46% improvement in cycling lifespan.

Conclusions:

  • Electrodissolution is a critical, yet overlooked, factor governing zinc electrode reversibility in AZBs.
  • Controlling electrodissolution pathways and crystal plane exposure can enhance zinc deposition uniformity.
  • This work provides a novel avenue for improving AZB performance by understanding and manipulating electrodissolution.