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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser
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Transurethral Water Vapor Ablation: Potential for a Novel Prostate Cancer Management Strategy.

Christopher A Warlick1, Benjamin D Spilseth2, Christopher M Dixon3

  • 1Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Research and Reports in Urology
|February 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Transurethral water vapor ablation offers a safe and effective new treatment for localized prostate cancer. This minimally invasive procedure shows high rates of negative biopsies and low adverse events in intermediate-risk patients.

Keywords:
focal ablationminimally invasive surgical therapympMRIprospective studyprostatic neoplasms

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

  • Prostate cancer treatment requires precise methods for localized disease.
  • Thermal energy offers a targeted approach to tissue ablation.
  • Water vapor ablation presents a novel therapeutic modality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and oncological outcomes of transurethral hemigland water vapor ablation.
  • To assess the efficacy of this novel approach in men with intermediate-risk localized prostate cancer.
  • To determine the feasibility of retreatment for residual or new disease.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, single-arm study involving men with unilateral, intermediate-risk localized prostate cancer (Gleason Grade Group 2).
  • Transurethral delivery of water vapor (~103°C) guided by cystoscopy and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS).
  • Six-month follow-up with multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) fusion biopsy; retreatment offered for residual/new disease, with extended follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Fifteen subjects completed treatment; 14/15 (93.3%) achieved a negative biopsy (≥GG2) at 12-18 months post-treatment or retreatment.
  • Four subjects required further management at 6 months (two residual, two contralateral disease).
  • Adverse events were mild/moderate and transient, with no serious events reported.

Conclusions:

  • Transurethral water vapor ablation demonstrates low morbidity and acceptable oncological outcomes.
  • The procedure is effective for treating localized prostate cancer, including retreatment of residual or new lesions.
  • Water vapor ablation offers a promising new management strategy for localized prostate cancer.