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Establishing a Standard Transverse Maxillary Dimension on Study Casts Using the Intermolar-to-Intercanine Width

Alka Banker1, Dolly Patel2, Wasundhara Bhad3

  • 1Bankers Hospital, Ahmedabad, India.

Acta Stomatologica Croatica
|February 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study establishes a standard ratio for maxillary width in normal dental arches. The intermolar (IMW) to intercanine (ICW) width ratio of 1.04:1 aids in identifying normal dental arches chairside.

Keywords:
Inter-canine distanceInter-molar distanceJaw AbnormalitiesMaxillaMaxillary widthMeSH terms: Maxillofacial DevelopmentReference StandardsTransverse dimensionTransverse norm

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Dental Anthropology
  • Forensic Odontology

Background:

  • Maxillary width evaluation is crucial for diagnosing developmental abnormalities and planning orthodontic treatment.
  • Limited research exists on transverse maxillary growth due to a lack of standardized diagnostic criteria.
  • This study addresses these gaps by defining normal transverse maxillary dimensions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a standard transverse maxillary dimension using the intermolar (IMW) to intercanine (ICW) width ratio.
  • To determine this ratio in a large, homogeneous sample of Indian dental Class I well-aligned arches.
  • To compare these parameters for sex-based differences.

Main Methods:

  • A pan-India, cross-sectional study of 1575 maxillary arch models with normal occlusion.
  • Measurement of intermolar (IMW) and intercanine (ICW) linear dimensions and their ratio.
  • Statistical analysis and comparison of parameters between sexes.

Main Results:

  • The mean intermolar width (IMW) was 36.87mm and intercanine width (ICW) was 35.44mm.
  • The mean IMW to ICW ratio was 1.04.
  • Males exhibited significantly higher mean IMW and ICW values compared to females.

Conclusions:

  • A standard IMW to ICW ratio of 1.04:1 exists in normal, well-aligned dentition.
  • This ratio offers a simple chairside method for visually assessing normal maxillary arches.
  • The findings have implications for orthodontic diagnosis, forensic odontology, and anthropological studies.