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[Gender aspects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]
L S Chutko1, S Yu Surushkina1, E A Yakovenko1
1N.P. Bechtereva Institute of Human BraIn, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|February 11, 2025
Summary
Girls with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) exhibit milder symptoms, particularly lower hyperactivity and impulsivity, compared to boys. Adolescent girls with ADHD show notable anxiety levels, alongside fewer behavioral issues and more prosocial behavior.
Area of Science:
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Clinical Psychology
Context:
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder.
- Understanding gender-specific characteristics of ADHD is crucial for accurate diagnosis and tailored interventions.
- Previous research often overlooks the unique presentation of ADHD in girls.
Purpose:
- To elucidate the clinical and psychological profiles of girls with ADHD across different developmental stages (childhood and adolescence).
- To compare ADHD manifestations and co-occurring emotional and behavioral difficulties between genders.
- To identify age-related changes in ADHD symptoms and psychological traits in girls.
Summary:
- Analysis of 1430 children with ADHD (7-8 and 13-14 years) revealed a 3:1 male-to-female ratio overall, with variations by age group.
- Younger girls (7-8 years) with ADHD showed similar inattention to boys but less hyperactivity/impulsivity. Older girls (13-14 years) exhibited decreased inattention and hyperactivity.
- Girls consistently presented with milder ADHD, fewer behavioral problems, and more prosocial behavior than boys, though adolescent girls reported higher anxiety.
Impact:
- Findings highlight the importance of considering gender differences in ADHD assessment and treatment strategies.
- The study underscores the need for specialized approaches for girls, addressing their specific symptom profiles and psychological needs.
- Results contribute to a more nuanced understanding of ADHD, moving beyond predominantly male-centric research.
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