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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short...
CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short...
CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...

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Emerging microfluidic technologies for CRISPR-based diagnostics: an overview.

Fatemeh Nafian1, Kimia Sadat Esfahani2, Mina Hobabi Aghmiuni2

  • 1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedics, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 16666, Iran. f.nafian@iautmu.ac.ir.

Analytical Methods : Advancing Methods and Applications
|February 11, 2025
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Summary

CRISPR detection systems offer high sensitivity but require optimization. Microfluidic integration enhances CRISPR-based diagnostics for faster, more accurate point-of-care testing, addressing current limitations.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology has shown promise for sensitive and specific detection.
  • Current CRISPR-based detection systems (CRISPR-Dx) face challenges including cost, complexity, cross-contamination, and limited quantification.
  • Microfluidic platforms offer a promising avenue for advancing CRISPR-Dx capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review CRISPR-based detection systems (CRISPR-Dx) and their underlying mechanisms.
  • To explore how microfluidic devices optimize CRISPR-Dx for point-of-care testing (POCT).
  • To discuss innovations in microfluidic-integrated CRISPR-Dx for improved performance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CRISPR-Dx and microfluidic integration.
  • Analysis of specific microfluidic platforms (SHINE, CARMEN, DNAiTECH, Dμchip, MAPnavi, FAST, ITP) applied to CRISPR-Dx.
  • Focus on advancements in detection throughput, quantification, operational simplicity, visualization, sensitivity, specificity, and anti-contamination.

Main Results:

  • Microfluidic strategies have been successfully implemented to enhance CRISPR-Dx.
  • Specific devices demonstrate improvements in speed, accuracy, and ease of use for POCT.
  • Innovations address key limitations of traditional CRISPR-Dx, including quantification and contamination control.

Conclusions:

  • Microfluidic integration is a key strategy for advancing CRISPR-Dx.
  • Optimized microfluidic CRISPR-Dx systems show significant potential for rapid and reliable point-of-care diagnostics.
  • Further development in microfluidics will continue to improve the performance and accessibility of CRISPR-based detection.