Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Rocket Propulsion in Gravitational Field - II01:03

Rocket Propulsion in Gravitational Field - II

2.3K
A rocket's velocity in the presence of a gravitational field is decreased by the amount of force exerted by Earth's gravitational field, which opposes the motion of the rocket. If we consider thrust, that is, the force exerted on a rocket by the exhaust gases, then a rocket's thrust is greater in outer space than in the atmosphere or on a launch pad. In fact, gases are easier to expel in a vacuum.
A rocket's acceleration depends on three major factors, consistent with the...
2.3K
Electro-mechanical Systems01:19

Electro-mechanical Systems

912
Electromechanical systems are intricate configurations that effectively combine electrical and mechanical elements to achieve a desired outcome. Central to many of these systems is the DC motor, a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical motion, enabling various applications ranging from simple fans to complex robotic mechanisms.
A key component of the DC motor is the armature, a rotating circuit positioned within a magnetic field. As an electric current passes through the...
912
Rocket Propulsion in Gravitational Field - I01:20

Rocket Propulsion in Gravitational Field - I

2.7K
Rockets range in size from small fireworks that ordinary people use to the enormous Saturn V that once propelled massive payloads toward the Moon. The propulsion of all rockets, jet engines, deflating balloons, and even squids and octopuses are explained by the same physical principle: Newton's third law of motion. The matter is forcefully ejected from a system, producing an equal and opposite reaction on what remains.
The motion of a rocket in space changes its velocity (and hence its...
2.7K
Rocket Propulsion in Empty Space - I01:13

Rocket Propulsion in Empty Space - I

3.1K
The driving force for the motion of any vehicle is friction, but in the case of rocket propulsion in space, the friction force is not present. The motion of a rocket changes its velocity (and hence its momentum) by ejecting burned fuel gases, thus causing it to accelerate in the direction opposite to the velocity of the ejected fuel. In this situation, the mass and velocity of the rocket constantly change along with the total mass of ejected gases. Due to conservation of momentum, the...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Magnetic Flux Guides by Material Extrusion.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

High-Performance, Low-Cost, Additively Manufactured Electrospray Ion Sources for Mass Spectrometry.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry·2024
Same author

Low-Cost, Compact Quadrupole Mass Filters with Unity Mass Resolution via Ceramic Resin Vat Photopolymerization.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2023
Same author

Ultrathin Ceramic Piezoelectric Films via Room-Temperature Electrospray Deposition of ZnO Nanoparticles for Printed GHz Devices.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2025

Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters
12:22

Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters

Published on: February 16, 2019

8.9K

High-Impulse, Modular, 3D-Printed CubeSat Electrospray Thrusters Throttleable via Pressure and Voltage Control.

Hyeonseok Kim1, Luis Fernando Velásquez-García2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|February 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Novel 3D-printed electrospray thruster arrays for CubeSats show promising results. Additive manufacturing enables simplified, efficient micropropulsion systems with tunable thrust control for small spacecraft.

Keywords:
3D‐printed CubeSat hardwareelectric space propulsionelectrosprayspace technology

More Related Videos

Three-dimensional Printing of Thermoplastic Materials to Create Automated Syringe Pumps with Feedback Control for Microfluidic Applications
09:08

Three-dimensional Printing of Thermoplastic Materials to Create Automated Syringe Pumps with Feedback Control for Microfluidic Applications

Published on: August 30, 2018

12.3K
A 100 KW Class Applied-field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster
11:47

A 100 KW Class Applied-field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster

Published on: December 22, 2018

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2025

Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters
12:22

Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters

Published on: February 16, 2019

8.9K
Three-dimensional Printing of Thermoplastic Materials to Create Automated Syringe Pumps with Feedback Control for Microfluidic Applications
09:08

Three-dimensional Printing of Thermoplastic Materials to Create Automated Syringe Pumps with Feedback Control for Microfluidic Applications

Published on: August 30, 2018

12.3K
A 100 KW Class Applied-field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster
11:47

A 100 KW Class Applied-field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster

Published on: December 22, 2018

9.0K

Area of Science:

  • Aerospace Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Physics

Background:

  • CubeSats require compact and efficient propulsion systems.
  • Electrospray thrusters offer a potential solution for micropropulsion.
  • Additive manufacturing presents opportunities for novel thruster designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the proof-of-concept for additively manufactured, droplet-emitting electrospray emitter arrays.
  • To investigate the performance and control methods for these novel CubeSat thrusters.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized digital light processing and two-photon polymerization for multiscale feature fabrication.
  • Designed microfluidic channels with 50 µm diameters for uniform operation.
  • Tested modular thruster arrays (up to 8 modules, 4 emitters each) in a vacuum environment.

Main Results:

  • Achieved stable and uniform electrospray emission with near 100% transmission.
  • Observed a square root relationship between current and flow rate, and a linear relationship between current and voltage.
  • Demonstrated thrust control via pressure (flow rate) and voltage modulation.

Conclusions:

  • Additive manufacturing is a viable technology for producing electrospray propulsion hardware.
  • Voltage control offers a simpler and wider-throttling alternative to pressure control for thrust modulation.
  • The developed thrusters show performance comparable or superior to existing droplet-emitting electrospray systems.