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Updated: May 28, 2025
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Preparation and Gene Modification of Nonhuman Primate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
Published on: February 15, 2019
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Complement Activation and Hemolysis in Non-human Primates Following Transfusion of Genetically Modified Pig Red Blood
Hee Jung Kang1, Juhye Roh1, Haneulnari Lee1
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
Annals of Laboratory Medicine
|February 11, 2025
Summary
Transfusing pig red blood cells (RBCs) into nonhuman primates (NHPs) triggers immune responses. Complement activation levels correlate with RBC survival, offering insights into xenotransfusion compatibility.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Transfusion Medicine
- Xenotransplantation
Background:
- Pig red blood cells (RBCs) are rapidly eliminated in nonhuman primates (NHPs) due to immune reactions.
- Antibody binding and complement activation are key mechanisms in this immune response.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the relationship between post-transfusion hemolysis and complement activation.
- To investigate the impact of genetic modifications in pig RBCs on complement activation.
Main Methods:
- Transfusions of wild-type (WT), triple knockout (TKO), and genetically modified TKO pig RBCs into NHPs.
- Measurement of hemoglobin (Hb) levels, complement fragments (C3a, C4a, factor Bb), and agglutination titers post-transfusion.
- Comparison with NHP RBC transfusions and saline infusion.
Main Results:
- Transfusions restored Hb levels, unlike saline infusion.
- Xenotransfusions, particularly repeated xenotransfusions (ReXTf), showed significant increases in C3a and factor Bb.
- Complement activation levels correlated negatively with post-transfusion day 1 Hb levels.
- Genetic modification (TKO/hCD55.hCD39) delayed peak complement activation compared to TKO RBCs.
Conclusions:
- Post-transfusion complement activation is influenced by prior sensitization and genetic modifications of pig RBCs.
- Monitoring complement activation provides insights into the survival and compatibility of transfused RBCs in NHPs.
Keywords:
Agglutination titerAllotransfusionComplement activationFactor BbNon-human primatesPigRed blood cellsXenotransfusionMore Related Videos
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