Capillary leak syndrome due to snakebite in the Amazon: case report

Edgar A Ramírez-García1,2, Arley Perez-Mori1,3, Mónica Mori-Coral1

  • 1Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Loreto, Perú.

Insights

Capillary leak syndrome, a complication of snakebite envenoming, caused severe facial edema in a Peruvian boy. Prompt antivenin treatment led to a full recovery, highlighting effective management of this rare condition.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Herpetology

Background:

  • Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) is a rare but serious condition characterized by plasma leakage into the interstitial space.
  • Snakebite envenoming, particularly from Bothrops species, is a known cause of CLS.
  • Early recognition and treatment are crucial for managing severe envenomation.

Observation:

  • A 12-year-old boy in the Peruvian Amazon presented with severe facial edema and swelling following a snakebite on his leg.
  • The snake was identified as belonging to the Bothrops genus.
  • The patient was diagnosed with severe ophidism complicated by facial edema.

Findings:

  • The patient received eight vials of antivenin, antibiotics, and analgesics.
  • Hospitalization lasted for eight days.
  • The patient showed a favorable clinical evolution and complete recovery.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of prompt medical attention for snakebite victims, especially in remote areas.
  • Effective antivenom therapy is critical in managing severe envenomation and its complications like CLS.
  • Understanding the clinical presentation and management of CLS in snakebite cases is vital for healthcare providers in endemic regions.