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Thyroid storm: hyperemesis and second trimester miscarriage.
Melissa Alim1, Zhen Quan Teo2, Rosemary Lovell2
1Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia alim.melissa@gmail.com.
BMJ Case Reports
|February 12, 2025
Summary
Thyroid storm, a severe endocrine emergency, can occur during pregnancy. This case highlights its serious complications, including maternal collapse and miscarriage, emphasizing the need for prompt recognition.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Obstetrics & Gynecology
Background:
- Thyroid storm is a rare, life-threatening endocrine emergency.
- It typically affects women with pre-existing thyroid disorders, triggered by stressors.
- Pregnancy can lead to significant fetal morbidity and mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a case of thyroid storm in the second trimester of pregnancy.
- To describe the precipitating factors and complications in this specific case.
Main Methods:
- Case report presentation.
- Review of clinical course and management.
Main Results:
- A pregnant woman in her second trimester developed thyroid storm.
- Precipitating factors included hyperemesis gravidarum and gestational transient thyrotoxicosis.
- Complications included maternal collapse, miscarriage, and cardiomyopathy.
Conclusions:
- Thyroid storm in pregnancy, though rare, poses severe risks to both mother and fetus.
- Hyperemesis gravidarum and gestational transient thyrotoxicosis can precipitate this emergency.
- Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial to mitigate life-threatening complications.
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