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Related Concept Videos

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

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When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
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Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

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Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

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A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over short...
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IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

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When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
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Updated: May 28, 2025

O-cresol Concentration Online Measurement Based On Near Infrared Spectroscopy Via Partial Least Square Regression
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Near-Infrared Mobile Cloud OA-ICOS Sensor System for Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Monitoring.

Lei Zhang1, Ying Hua2, Yishen Zhou2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China.

Analytical Chemistry
|February 12, 2025
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A new portable carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor uses near-infrared spectroscopy for accurate atmosphere monitoring. This system offers a wide detection range and a cloud-based platform for efficient, real-time CO2 data collection and supervision.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Accurate atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) monitoring is crucial for understanding climate change.
  • Existing portable CO2 sensors often face challenges with complex structures, sealing, and gas exchange efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a portable, high-performance carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor system for atmosphere monitoring.
  • To optimize the sensor design for improved stability, gas replacement, and data management.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized near-infrared off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) targeting CO2 absorption lines at 2.004 μm.
  • Integrated fluid dynamics to create a stable optical resonant cavity (891 m optical path length, 30 cm physical length).
  • Developed a cloud monitoring system with a master control module, cloud server, and portable terminal for data supervision.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a wide dynamic range of 0.011-800 parts per million (ppm) for CO2 detection.
  • Demonstrated a limit of detection (LoD) of 11 parts per billion (ppb) with a 0.5 s averaging time.
  • Successfully conducted field mobile monitoring in Changchun city and fixed-point detection at Jilin University.

Conclusions:

  • The developed portable CO2 sensor system offers high sensitivity and a broad dynamic range.
  • The integrated cloud monitoring system enhances data supervision and efficiency for field applications.
  • The system shows significant potential for reliable, large-scale, and mobile atmospheric CO2 monitoring.