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  3. "omics" And Postmortem Interval Estimation: A Systematic Review.
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  3. "omics" And Postmortem Interval Estimation: A Systematic Review.

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"Omics" and Postmortem Interval Estimation: A Systematic Review.

Laura Secco1, Stefano Palumbi1, Pasquale Padalino1

  • 1Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via G. Falloppio 50, 35121 Padova, Italy.

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|February 13, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mass-spectrometry-based omics approaches offer advanced methods for estimating postmortem interval (PMI), especially for challenging decomposition stages. This review highlights their potential in forensic science by analyzing molecular changes over time.

Keywords:
forensiclipidomicsmass-spectrometrymetabolomicsomicspostmortem intervalproteomicstime-since-death

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Accurate postmortem interval (PMI) estimation is crucial in forensic science.
  • Traditional PMI methods have limitations, particularly in advanced decomposition.
  • Omics sciences offer a holistic view of postmortem biochemical changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review mass-spectrometry-based omics approaches for PMI estimation.
  • To elucidate molecular mechanisms of time-dependent biochemical alterations after death.
  • To assess the role of omics in overcoming limitations of traditional PMI methods.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search adhering to PRISMA guidelines (PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science).
  • Inclusion of experimental studies on animal or human samples using MS-based untargeted omics for PMI estimation.
  • Quality assessment using STROBE and ARRIVE checklists.

    • Main Results:

    • 26 studies were included, with 17 proteomic, 9 metabolomic, and 2 lipidomic approaches.
    • Most studies focused on short PMIs (<7 days), with others examining medium (7-120 days) and long (>120 days) intervals.
    • Muscle, liver, and bone tissues were the most frequently analyzed samples.

    Conclusions:

    • Mass-spectrometry-based omics provide promising tools for accurate PMI estimation.
    • These methods reveal predictable, time-dependent degradation patterns of macromolecules.
    • Further research can refine omics techniques for improved forensic applications.