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Vitamin E Mitigates Polystyrene-Nanoplastic-Induced Visual Dysfunction in Zebrafish Larvae.

Febriyansyah Saputra1, Azzah Dyah Pramata2, Agoes Soegianto1

  • 1Department of Biology, Faculty Sciences and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 13, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin E (VitE) protects zebrafish from vision damage caused by polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs). VitE reduced oxidative stress and restored visual function, highlighting its potential against nanoplastic pollution.

Keywords:
oxidative stresspolystyrene nanoplasticsvisual dysfunctionvitamin Ezebrafish

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) pose environmental risks.
  • Oxidative stress and cellular damage are linked to PSNP exposure.
  • Vitamin E (VitE) is a known antioxidant with protective capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of PSNPs on the zebrafish visual system.
  • To evaluate the protective effects of VitE against PSNP-induced visual toxicity.
  • To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying PSNP toxicity and VitE's protection.

Main Methods:

  • Zebrafish embryos were exposed to varying concentrations of PSNPs (0.01–10 μg/mL) with or without VitE co-treatment.
  • Visual function was assessed via optomotor response and swimming behavior.
  • Retinal morphology, oxidative stress (ROS levels), apoptosis markers, and gene expression were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • PSNP exposure (0.1–10 μg/mL) led to bioaccumulation in zebrafish eyes and impaired visual function, evidenced by reduced eye-to-body ratio and decreased optomotor response.
  • PSNPs increased ROS levels, induced retinal apoptosis, and altered gene expression in visual development, apoptosis, and antioxidant pathways.
  • VitE co-treatment significantly counteracted PSNP-induced oxidative damage, apoptosis, and gene expression disruptions, preserving retinal function.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin E effectively mitigates PSNP-induced visual system damage in zebrafish.
  • PSNPs disrupt visual function and induce oxidative stress and apoptosis.
  • VitE shows promise as a protective agent against nanoplastic toxicity in aquatic environments.