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Related Experiment Video

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Multifocal Electroretinograms
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Measuring differences in the ERG in myopia using the RETeval device with skin electrodes.

Victoria Stapley1, Roger S Anderson1,2, Kathryn Saunders1

  • 1Centre for Optometry and Vision Science, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK.

Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
|February 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Non-invasive skin electrodes with a handheld electroretinogram (ERG) device detected subtle delays in dark-adapted implicit times in myopia. However, this method did not find reduced ERG amplitudes, unlike traditional ERG setups.

Keywords:
RETevalelectrophysiologymyopiavisual function

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Previous studies indicate reduced and delayed electroretinogram (ERG) responses in non-pathological myopia.
  • Traditional ERG methods involve invasive electrodes and cumbersome equipment, limiting widespread clinical use.
  • This study explores the feasibility of using non-invasive skin electrodes and a handheld ERG device to assess myopia-related ERG changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if non-invasive skin electrodes and a handheld ERG device can detect previously reported ERG alterations in myopia.
  • To compare ERG responses between individuals with non-pathological myopia and non-myopic controls using novel technology.

Main Methods:

  • Monocular flash electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded using the RETeval® device with Sensor Strip skin electrodes.
  • The study included 46 participants with non-pathological myopia and 47 non-myopic controls.
  • Measurements followed the 'ISCEV 6 Step Dark First cd' protocol under pupil mydriasis.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant delay in median dark-adapted (DA) implicit times was observed in myopic participants for DA 3.0 A-wave, DA 10.0 A-wave, B-waves, and DA Oscillatory potentials 1 and 2.
  • No significant differences in light-adapted (LA) implicit times or response amplitudes were found between the refractive groups.
  • A significant positive correlation was identified between axial length (AL) and DA implicit times in all DA components.

Conclusions:

  • The RETeval® device with skin electrodes detected subtle DA implicit time delays in myopia, consistent with prior research.
  • This non-invasive approach did not detect reduced ERG amplitudes, possibly due to inter-subject variability or skin electrode artifacts.
  • The absence of differences in LA implicit times suggests potential underlying differences in dark-adaptation or scotopic pathways in myopia.