Numerical study on aerodynamic noise reduction of optimized pantograph

Area of Science:

• Aerodynamics
• Acoustics
• Mechanical Engineering

Background:

• The pantograph is a key component for current collection in high-speed trains.
• Pantograph noise is a significant source of environmental noise pollution.

Purpose of the Study:

• Investigate the aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of a CR400BF pantograph model.
• Evaluate the noise reduction effects and mechanisms of pantograph optimization.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a 1:8 scale model of the CR400BF pantograph.
• Employed large eddy simulation (LES) combined with the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FWH) equation.
• Analyzed flow fields and acoustic characteristics before and after aerodynamic optimization.

Main Results:

• Optimized pantograph achieved a maximum noise reduction of 3 dB.
• Droplet-shaped panhead reduced discrete tones noise by 1.5 dB by minimizing vortices.
• Elliptical arms and streamlined frame decreased noise by 1.7 dB through reduced drag and vortex shedding.

Conclusions:

• Aerodynamic acoustic optimization effectively reduces noise from high-speed train pantographs.
• Design modifications can mitigate environmental noise pollution caused by train operations.
• The study provides a framework for designing quieter high-speed train components.