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Evaluating ChatGPT's Ability to Address Frequently Asked Questions in Gender-Affirmation Surgery.

Evan Rothchild¹, Geena Jung¹, Joseph A Ricci²

¹Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

Journal of Homosexuality

|February 13, 2025

Summary

ChatGPT shows promise for patient education on gender-affirmation surgery (GAS). It provides reliable, understandable information, though its complexity and lack of references need consideration.

Keywords:

ChatGPT artificial intelligence gender-affirmation surgery patient education

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Area of Science:

Medical Informatics
Digital Health
Patient Education

Background:

ChatGPT's influence in healthcare is growing.
Its role in patient education for gender-affirmation surgery (GAS) is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess ChatGPT's effectiveness in delivering medical information for GAS patients.
To compare ChatGPT's responses to physician-provided information.

Main Methods:

Collected questions from the American Society of Plastic Surgery's "Ask a Surgeon" forum.
Compared ChatGPT responses to verified physician answers.
Evaluated responses using readability metrics, DISCERN, and PEMAT scores.
Simulated patient queries with frequently asked questions.

Main Results:

ChatGPT responses were more complex but rated higher for reliability, quality, and understandability (DISCERN, PEMAT).
ChatGPT provided detailed, on-topic information, stressing healthcare consultation and psychosocial factors.
The AI consistently advised consulting healthcare professionals.

Conclusions:

ChatGPT demonstrates potential as an educational tool for gender-affirmation surgery patients.
It offers clear, private information and addresses psychosocial needs effectively.
Concerns include a high reading level and the absence of cited references.