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Related Concept Videos

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

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Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area01:23

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Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are...
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Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters01:22

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The physicochemical characteristics of drugs play a crucial role in formulating stable and bioavailable drug products. The solubility of a drug, governed by the varying pH along the GI tract and its dissociation constant (pKa), is pivotal in determining its ionization state and absorption rate. Notably, weak acids and bases remain unionized and are absorbed more rapidly.
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

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Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
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Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Drug Dissolution01:27

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The pharmacokinetic journey of drugs from solid oral dosage forms into systemic circulation is multifaceted. It begins with disintegration, a prerequisite ensuring a solid dosage form's subdivision into minute particles. Dissolution occurs next as these granulated entities solubilize in gastrointestinal fluids. This solubilization is crucial for the succeeding stage, permeation, which describes the traversal of the drug across the intestinal membrane and its subsequent entry into the blood...
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Co-processing acetaminophen with nanocellulose to enhance tabletability.

Maxx Capece1

  • 1Drug Product Development, Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 N. Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|February 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanocellulose, a sub-micron cellulose powder, can enhance acetaminophen tabletability when co-processed with acetaminophen (APAP) using a twin-screw method. This functional additive improves APAP tablet formulation without additional excipients.

Keywords:
Co-processingCompactionNanocelluloseTabletabilityTwin-screw extrusion

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is a standard pharmaceutical filler for enhancing tabletability.
  • Nanocellulose, a high-surface-area material, was explored as a potential alternative filler for acetaminophen (APAP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate nanocellulose as a filler excipient for improving acetaminophen tabletability.
  • To investigate methods for effectively incorporating nanocellulose into APAP formulations.

Main Methods:

  • Conventional dry blending of nanocellulose with APAP was compared to a co-processing approach using a twin-screw extruder.
  • Microscopy was used to analyze the interaction between nanocellulose and APAP particles.

Main Results:

  • Nanocellulose was ineffective as a conventional filler due to aggregation issues.
  • Co-processing via a twin-screw extruder effectively coated APAP particles with nanocellulose.
  • Low concentrations (up to 1.10% w/w) of co-processed nanocellulose significantly improved APAP tabletability.

Conclusions:

  • Nanocellulose can serve as a highly effective functional additive for enhancing tabletability when processed appropriately.
  • Co-processing transforms nanocellulose into a potent excipient for pharmaceutical formulations, enabling direct tableting of APAP.