Advanced fault location method for three-terminal distribution lines using frequency characteristics and µPMU data

Area of Science:

• Electrical Engineering
• Power Systems Analysis

Background:

• Urban distribution networks often feature complex multi- or three-terminal connections.
• Fault location is challenging due to limited access for measurement devices and uncertain line data.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop an accurate and efficient fault localization model for distribution networks.
• To address constraints in traditional fault location methods.

Main Methods:

• Analyzing Micro-phasor measurement unit (µPMU) data at end nodes to detect unbalanced faults.
• Proposing a fault localization model incorporating frequency parameters, considering load variations and fundamental frequency fluctuations.
• Employing a hybrid approach combining Simulated Annealing Algorithm and trust region methods for enhanced accuracy and efficiency.

Main Results:

• The proposed frequency-based model achieved over three times higher accuracy compared to non-frequency models.
• Fault distance estimation error was reduced to less than 50 meters.
• The model's applicability extended to fault resistance up to 2000Ω.

Conclusions:

• The developed fault location technique significantly enhances calculation efficiency and accuracy.
• The proposed method offers a robust solution for fault location and line parameter estimation in distribution networks.