Eagle Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Options

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Head and Neck Surgery
• Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

• Eagle Syndrome presents with diverse symptoms, often challenging clinical diagnosis.
• Increased physician awareness contributes to a rise in Eagle Syndrome diagnoses.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize current knowledge on Eagle Syndrome diagnosis and management.
• To provide an update on diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies for healthcare providers.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of peer-reviewed studies.
• Utilized major scientific databases for relevant research.
• Focused on symptoms, differential diagnosis, imaging, and treatment.

Main Results:

• Key symptoms include dysphagia and cervical neck pain, but presentation varies widely.
• CT scan and CT Angiography are standard diagnostic tools.
• Treatment involves medical options (steroids, antidepressants, anticonvulsants) or surgical approaches (extraoral, transoral).

Conclusions:

• Eagle Syndrome diagnosis is increasing due to improved physician awareness and earlier symptom identification.
• Multifaceted symptomatology necessitates a thorough diagnostic approach.
• Effective treatment plans, encompassing medical and surgical options, can safely manage Eagle Syndrome.