Psychological Factors and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Risk in Stroke Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Psychiatry
• Public Health

Background:

• Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability globally, with increasing projections.
• Traditional stroke risk factors are well-documented, but the impact of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains under-researched.
• PTSD affects a significant portion of the population and has been linked to increased stroke risk.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in stroke survivors.
• To identify demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors associated with PTSD in this population.
• To understand the predictors of PTSD in individuals who have experienced a stroke.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study was conducted with 397 stroke patients diagnosed within the past year.
• Data were collected using a 56-question questionnaire assessing demographics, clinical characteristics, functional independence (Barthel Index), and PTSD symptoms (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, PCL-5).
• Multivariable logistic regression with Stepwise AIC was employed to identify significant predictors of PTSD.

Main Results:

• The prevalence of PTSD among the 397 stroke survivors was 10.8%.
• Significant predictors of PTSD included regular alcohol consumption, slight memory decrease, female gender, extroverted personality, and lower Barthel Index scores.
• Age and unconsciousness during stroke showed marginal or non-significant associations with PTSD.

Conclusions:

• PTSD is a relevant comorbidity in stroke survivors, influenced by a combination of factors.
• Identifying and addressing risk factors such as alcohol use, cognitive changes, and personality traits is crucial for managing PTSD in stroke patients.
• Interventions targeting these factors can help mitigate the psychological burden and enhance stroke rehabilitation outcomes.