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Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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The Parathyroid Glands00:59

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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
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Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
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Composition and Priorities of Multidisciplinary Pediatric Thyroid Programs: A Consensus Statement.

Ronik Kothari1, Julia R Donner2,3, Karthik Balakrishnan2,4

  • 1California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, California, USA.

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|February 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Establishing multidisciplinary teams for pediatric thyroid cancer care is crucial for standardizing treatment. Consensus was reached on essential team members and services to improve outcomes for children with thyroid conditions.

Keywords:
consensusmultidisciplinary carepediatricthyroid programs

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Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Increasing incidence of pediatric thyroid cancer necessitates standardized care protocols.
  • Existing socioeconomic disparities and practice variations impact pediatric thyroid cancer management.
  • Clinical guidelines recommend multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) for optimal pediatric cancer care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the optimal structure and function of multidisciplinary teams for pediatric thyroid programs.
  • To achieve expert consensus on essential components of pediatric thyroid cancer care models.

Main Methods:

  • A modified Delphi method was employed over two rounds of expert surveys.
  • Twenty-one experts across various disciplines responded to consensus statements using a 9-point Likert scale.
  • Consensus was defined by specific response criteria, with iterative refinement of statements.

Main Results:

  • Consensus was achieved on a distinct, definable model of care for pediatric thyroid patients.
  • Key team members include thyroid surgeons, pediatric endocrinologists, oncologists, and specialized radiologists/pathologists.
  • Essential support services identified: care coordination, multidisciplinary tumor boards, ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA), and molecular testing.

Conclusions:

  • Consensus statements provide a framework for improving and standardizing multidisciplinary care in pediatric thyroid programs.
  • Integrated care models with defined team members, services, and research priorities are essential for pediatric thyroid centers.
  • Standardization through these models can enhance patient outcomes, healthcare delivery, and scholarly collaboration.