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Emergency Department Interventions for Youth With Assault-Related Injuries: A Scoping Review.

Samaa Kemal1, Jethel Hernandez2, Katie Donnelly3

  • 1Division of Emergency Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.

Annals of Emergency Medicine
|February 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emergency department interventions for youth with assault injuries are often resource-intensive and occur post-discharge. More research is needed on community-informed, patient-centered approaches for better outcomes.

Keywords:
AssaultFirearmsViolence interventionViolence preventionYouth

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Assault-related injuries in youth lead to significant physical and mental health challenges.
  • Emergency departments (EDs) are critical points for violence prevention and intervention for injured youth.
  • Existing interventions are often resource-intensive and occur after initial ED care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review of ED-initiated and ED-based interventions for youth with assault-related injuries.
  • To identify the types of interventions, their implementation, and reported outcomes.
  • To highlight gaps in current research and suggest future directions.

Main Methods:

  • Searched six major databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, PsycInfo, CINAHL) from inception to October 2023.
  • Included original research on interventions for youth (0-18 years) with assault-related injuries presenting to the ED.
  • Two reviewers screened, reviewed full texts, and synthesized data from 25 included studies out of 5,021 unique articles.

Main Results:

  • Primary interventions included case management, behavioral/psychosocial support, and mentorship.
  • Most interventions were initiated in the ED but occurred post-discharge, requiring significant resources.
  • Studies primarily reported on injury recidivism, criminal justice involvement, and healthcare usage, with few on quality-of-life outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Current research focuses on resource-intensive, hospital-based violence intervention programs for youth with assault injuries.
  • There is a need for developing and evaluating community-informed, ED-based interventions to complement existing services.
  • Future research should prioritize strengths-based, patient-centered outcomes and rigorous evaluation methods.