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Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

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Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
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Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA
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Primary Pyogenic Abscess in an Immunocompetent Child: An Indian Perspective.

Swapnil Keny1, Harsh Parekh1, Janki Chaudhary2

  • 1Department of Orthopedics, K.B Bhabha Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports
|February 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Pyogenic psoas abscess (PPA) is a severe condition mimicking hip issues. Early diagnosis and treatment, including drainage and antibiotics for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, are crucial for recovery in children.

Keywords:
Pediatricantibiotic therapyhip painimmunocompetentmethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureuspyogenic psoas abscesssurgical drainage

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Musculoskeletal infections
  • Diagnostic imaging in pediatrics

Background:

  • Pyogenic psoas abscess (PPA) is a rare but severe condition with diverse etiologies, distinct from its historical association with tuberculosis.
  • This case report focuses on a healthy Indian child presenting with symptoms initially suggestive of hip pathology.

Observation:

  • A 5-year-old girl presented with hip and lower back pain, fever, irritability, and inability to walk.
  • Clinical examination revealed fever, toxicity, and restricted hip movement. Initial investigations included elevated inflammatory markers and normal spinal radiographs.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed a large psoas and iliacus muscle abscess.

Findings:

  • The patient underwent open abscess drainage and received Linezolid for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) identified in cultures.
  • Post-operative recovery included reduced pain by day 3 and discharge with oral antibiotics.
  • Full recovery with symptom-free ambulation at 6 weeks was achieved.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering PPA in pediatric patients with hip pain, limping, and signs of infection.
  • Emphasizes the need for high clinical suspicion due to PPA's subtle presentation and mimicry of septic arthritis.
  • Underscores the effectiveness of timely imaging (MRI) and appropriate management (drainage, targeted antibiotics) for favorable outcomes.