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Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
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Primary Healthcare Services01:30

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Exploring Access to Care in Zimbabwe Using the 3-Delay Model.

Katerina J Green1, Naboth N Matinhira2, Amiti Jain3

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Mayo Clinic Florida Jacksonville Florida USA.

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
|February 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Patients in Zimbabwe face significant delays in otolaryngology care due to issues deciding to seek care, reaching facilities, and receiving adequate treatment. Systemic problems like long wait times and poor infrastructure contribute to these barriers.

Keywords:
Zimbabwedelaysglobal surgeryhead and neck cancerotolaryngology

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
  • Public Health
  • Healthcare Access

Background:

  • Access to specialized surgical care, including otolaryngology-head and neck surgery, is crucial for patient outcomes.
  • Identifying barriers to care is essential for improving healthcare delivery in resource-limited settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the diverse barriers to care experienced by otolaryngology-head and neck surgery patients in Harare, Zimbabwe.
  • To categorize these barriers using a 3-delay model.

Main Methods:

  • Interviews were conducted with 46 adult and child patients at four otolaryngology clinics in Harare.
  • A standardized six-question survey, administered via interpreter, assessed delays in seeking care, reaching facilities, and receiving adequate care.

Main Results:

  • The average delay from problem presentation to treatment was 16.3 months.
  • The most common delay was Type 3 (67%), with patients unable to receive timely treatment at appropriate facilities.
  • Type 1 delays (35%) were linked to fear, traditional healing preferences, or unawareness of treatable conditions. Type 2 delays (37%) were associated with travel distance, time, and finances.

Conclusions:

  • Otolaryngology patients in Zimbabwe encounter numerous delays in accessing care.
  • Systemic issues such as surgical backlogs, complex referral pathways, and inadequate transportation infrastructure significantly impede patient access.
  • The 3-delay model effectively identifies barriers, informing strategies to enhance access to safe and affordable surgical care.