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Management of nocturnal enuresis in children

Ignazio Cammisa1, Margherita Zona1, Pietro Ferrara2,3

  • 1Institute of Pediatrics, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy.

Minerva Pediatrics
|February 18, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Nocturnal enuresis, or bedwetting, in children can be effectively managed with both non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments. Combination therapies, especially desmopressin and anticholinergics, show superior efficacy for treating this common pediatric condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Urology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Behavioral Pediatrics

Background:

  • Nocturnal enuresis is involuntary urination during sleep in children aged 5+.
  • Treatment selection depends on enuresis type, severity, and family factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on treating childhood nocturnal enuresis.
  • Evaluate pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies from 2000-2024.
  • Assessed pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for nocturnal enuresis.

Main Results:

  • Non-pharmacological therapies are effective, low-risk options, especially in combination.
  • Enuresis alarm therapy (50-70% success) is first-line; bladder/pelvic floor retraining and diet are supportive.
  • Pharmacological options include desmopressin and anticholinergics; combination therapy offers faster, superior results.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple treatments exist to manage nocturnal enuresis and improve children's quality of life.
  • Personalized treatment plans considering child and family needs are crucial.
Abstract

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