Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Adaptation of Microelectrode Array Technology for the Study of Anesthesia-induced Neurotoxicity in the Intact Piglet Brain
08:23

Adaptation of Microelectrode Array Technology for the Study of Anesthesia-induced Neurotoxicity in the Intact Piglet Brain

Published on: May 12, 2018

9.8K

Theophylline neurotoxicity resulting in significant unilateral brain-damage

M J Noetzel

    Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
    |April 1, 1985
    PubMed

    Insights

    Theophylline overdose caused severe neurotoxicity in an infant, leading to prolonged seizures, hemiparesis, and brain damage. This case highlights the critical need for careful theophylline dosage in children.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Neurology
    • Clinical Toxicology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Theophylline is a bronchodilator used for respiratory conditions.
    • Theophylline overdose can lead to serious adverse effects, including central nervous system toxicity.
    • Infants are particularly vulnerable to the neurotoxic effects of theophylline.

    More Related Videos

    Automatic Detection of Highly Organized Theta Oscillations in the Murine EEG09:35

    Automatic Detection of Highly Organized Theta Oscillations in the Murine EEG

    Published on: March 10, 2017

    9.6K
    Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Brain Injury05:30

    Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Brain Injury

    Published on: August 5, 2014

    29.4K

    Related Concept Videos

    Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

    Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

    Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
    Homeostatic Imbalances:
    Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
    Parkinson's disease arises from the...
    2.4K
    Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines01:24

    Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines

    Theophylline, a member of the methylxanthine class of bronchodilators, has long been used in asthma management. While its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, it is believed to have multiple effects on various cellular processes.
    Theophylline is thought to inhibit phosphodiesterase enzymes, increasing intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). This rise in cAMP and cGMP concentrations stimulates cardiac function,...
    1.5K
    Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis01:29

    Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis

    Drugs affecting neurotransmitter synthesis can impact the adrenergic neuron and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. For example, α-methyltyrosine and carbidopa target specific enzymes involved in catecholamine synthesis. α-methyltyrosine inhibits the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, which converts tyrosine into dopamine. By blocking this enzyme, α-methyltyrosine reduces dopamine production and other catecholamines. Carbidopa, on the other hand, inhibits the enzyme dopa decarboxylase,...
    2.0K
    Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

    Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

    While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
    Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
    712
    Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis01:20

    Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis

    Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
    2.9K
    Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

    Toxic Reactions: Overview

    When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
    Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
    Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
    In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
    1.7K