Discrete Choice Experiment in Evaluating Preferences for Physical Activity: A Mixed-Methods Study of Attributes and...

Discrete choice experiment (DCE) has become a leading method for evaluating health sector preferences. Despite its common use in evaluating physical activity (PA) preference, there is a lack of consensus on the optimal attribute and level, and this step often lacks rigorous documentation. This study aimed to identify suitable attributes and levels for a PA program for future application in DCE studies.

This study used a mixed-method approach. Initially, a rapid review was performed using databases and search engines. The findings were then used for a 2-stage semi-structured interview for attribute addition and scoring. Finally, top-scoring attributes were selected, and a small expert panel determined their associated levels.

In our rapid review, from 8144 titles according to search strategy, 10 were selected for data extraction. After content analysis and integration of similar attributes, 12 were identified and 4 more were added from interviews. Using the opinions of the expert panel, the top 5 attributes were selected and a total of 22 levels were determined for these 5 attributes. The selected attributes included monthly cost, companions, distance, PA time, and PA type, with total scores of 150, 149, 147, 144, and 123, respectively.

Our study identified 5 attributes and 22 corresponding levels as effective tools for measuring PA preferences using a DCE approach. As this is a pioneering study, further comprehensive research is recommended for improved outcomes.