Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor combined with SOFA score for mortality prediction in patients with sepsis

Sepsis in emergency departments is a prevalent occurrence characterized by high hospitalization rate and mortality. The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is an indicator for identifying patients with sepsis.

A total of 171 patients with sepsis were included in our study who were admitted to the emergency department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University from October 2020 to April 2021. Out of these patients, 122 did not survive on day 28. Laboratory tests, the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) were calculated. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to analyze the predictive value of G-CSF for 28-day mortality patients with sepsis.

There were significant differences in G-CSF, SOFA, APACHE II, systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure, lactate, and albumin between the survivor and non-survivor groups (P < .05). The multivariate regression analysis showed that G-CSF, SOFA, APACHE II, and SBP were independent risk factors for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. There was no comparative with significant differences in receiver operating characteristic curves of G-CSF, SOFA, and APACHE II for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis (Z1 = 1.381, P = .167; Z2 = 0.095, P = .924).

The G-CSF, SOFA, APACHE II, and SBP were identified as independent risk factors for mortality among patients with sepsis. Particularly, G-CSF and SOFA exhibited a high level of predictability for 28-day mortality in this population.