Valve-sparing aortic root replacement in bicuspid aortic valves-the reimplantation technique: A multicenter study

Reported outcomes in patients with bicuspid aortic valves (BAVs) undergoing valve-sparing aortic root replacement (VSRR) are scarce. This study aims to evaluate outcomes in patients with BAV using the reimplantation (David) technique.

Consecutive adult patients with BAV, aortic root aneurysm, and/or aortic valve insufficiency (AI) undergoing VSRR (reimplantation) were included from 5 centers experienced in reimplantation procedures. Patients were subcategorized into 2 groups with different primary indications for operation: (1) aneurysm, and (2) isolated AI. Exclusion criteria included acute aortic dissection, endocarditis, and valvular-stenosis.

In total, 498 patients were included. Mean age was 45.4 years (±11.8 years); median follow-up was 5.4 years (interquartile range, 2.3-8.7 years). Group 1 included aneurysm (n = 144) and group 2 included AI (n = 354). There was 1 in-hospital death. Survival (overall) was 93.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 92-97%) at 10 years, with no difference between groups (P = .93) observed. Freedom from reintervention at 1 year was 99.1% (95% CI, 99%-100%), at 5 years 95.4% (95% CI, 93%-97%), and at 10 years 89.2% (95% CI, 86%-93%) for patients with aneurysm 100% at 1 year and 95.4% (95% CI, 92%-98%) at 10 years; and for AI 98.9% (95% CI, 98%-99%) at 1 year and 86.4% (95% CI, 83%-91%) at 10 years. Cusp fenestrations (P = .01), prolapse (P = .04), and isolated AI (0.03) were associated with greater hazard of reintervention.

This multicenter study shows excellent results after VSRR reimplantation procedure in patients with BAV and aortic aneurysm and/or valve insufficiency. Isolated AI and cusp abnormalities are associated with greater reintervention rates and may reflect more advanced leaflet disease. The reimplantation technique, when performed in expert centers, appears to be an excellent treatment strategy in BAV.