Low-Temperature-Sensitivity Materials for Low-Temperature Lithium-Ion Batteries

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Energy Storage

Background:

• Low-temperature lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are crucial for renewable energy storage in defense and space.
• Sn-based materials exhibit inherent low-temperature properties suitable for subfreezing energy storage.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review principles limiting LIB performance in cold environments.
• To present strategies for enhancing low-temperature LIB performance using Sn-based materials.

Main Methods:

• Discussing factors like Li-ion diffusion, electrolyte viscosity, and impedance.
• Implementing material phase transition regulation and interfacial engineering.
• Optimizing electrolyte composition for low-temperature operation.

Main Results:

• Identified key challenges in low-temperature LIB operation.
• Demonstrated effectiveness of Sn-based materials and engineering strategies.
• Proposed methods for improving cycle life and SEI formation.

Conclusions:

• Sn-based materials offer significant potential for advanced low-temperature LIBs.
• Material design and electrolyte engineering are key to overcoming performance limitations.
• Future research should focus on cycle life, SEI components, and large-cell testing.