Systematic Review of Interleukin-35 in Endothelial Dysfunction: A New Target for Therapeutic Intervention

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Vascular Biology
• Pathophysiology

Background:

• Endothelial dysfunction contributes to various diseases, involving inflammation, oxidative stress, and coagulation.
• Interleukin-35 (IL-35), produced by regulatory immune cells, has potential immunomodulatory roles.
• The precise mechanisms and effects of IL-35 on endothelial cells (ECs) are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the impact of IL-35 on endothelial cells (ECs) across different disease states.
• To investigate IL-35's role in EC activation, adhesion, angiogenesis, and inflammatory responses.
• To explore IL-35 as a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases, tumors, sepsis, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review.
• Analysis of studies investigating IL-35 effects on endothelial cells.
• Examination of IL-35's involvement in disease pathogenesis.

Main Results:

• IL-35 exhibits potential in modulating EC activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
• Evidence suggests IL-35 may influence angiogenesis and apoptosis resistance in ECs.
• The review synthesizes current knowledge on IL-35's multifaceted role in EC physiology.

Conclusions:

• IL-35 presents a promising therapeutic avenue for diseases associated with endothelial dysfunction.
• Further elucidation of IL-35 mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
• Understanding IL-35's interaction with ECs could lead to novel treatment strategies for inflammatory and cardiovascular conditions.