Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gastric Motility01:16

Gastric Motility

337
Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
337
Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

54
Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
Nasointestinal feeding involves placing a tube...
54
Intestinal Phase of Digestion01:29

Intestinal Phase of Digestion

5.0K
The intestinal phase of digestion is the third and final stage of the digestive process, occurring after the cephalic and gastric phases. It begins when chyme, a partially digested mixture of food and digestive enzymes, enters the small intestine from the stomach. This phase is crucial for nutrient absorption and involves complex hormonal and enzymatic interactions.
The arrival of the chyme in the small intestine distends the duodenum, which triggers the enterogastric reflex. This distension...
5.0K
Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity01:11

Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity

287
The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
287
Gastric Emptying01:16

Gastric Emptying

460
Gastric emptying occurs when the stomach gradually releases chyme into the duodenum. When the stomach is distended, it triggers the release of gastrin, a hormone that promotes gastric acid secretion to aid in digestion. Additionally, stomach distension contributes to peristaltic waves that propel gastric contents toward the pyloric region. The gastroenteric reflex, on the other hand, primarily stimulates peristalsis in the intestines, facilitating the movement of contents further along the...
460
Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach01:25

Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach

444
The gastric glands contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion. The cells secrete HCl because it is highly corrosive and essential for breaking down food. To achieve this, they secrete hydrogen and chloride ions into the lumen of the gastric glands, which combine to form HCl.
Within parietal cells, carbonic acid is first formed through the reaction of water and carbon dioxide. The dissociation of carbonic acid releases bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate...
444

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Expert Clinical Consensus on Body Surface Gastric Mapping Phenotypes for Gastroduodenal Disorders: 'Auckland Classification' v1.0.

Neurogastroenterology and motility·2026
Same author

International Forum on Visceral Myopathy 2024: Advances in the Knowledge of the Disease.

Neurogastroenterology and motility·2026
Same author

Type 2 diabetes disrupts T-tubule and RyR2 organization in male but not in female rat ventricular muscle.

American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology·2026
Same author

Integrated multi-omic and symptom clustering reveals lower-gastrointestinal disorders of gut-brain interaction heterogeneity.

Gut microbes·2025
Same author

24-hour colonic manometry can reveal exaggerated rectosigmoid junction (sphincter of O'Beirne) activity in severely constipated patients.

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver·2025
Same author

Measurement and control of mechanics of cardiac trabeculae secured by light-curable hydrogel.

Experimental physiology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2025

Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass Surgery in Diet-Induced Obese Diabetic Mice
08:50

Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass Surgery in Diet-Induced Obese Diabetic Mice

Published on: October 18, 2024

487

Electromechanical coupling across the gastroduodenal junction.

Sam Simmonds1, Jan D Huizinga2, Andrew J Taberner1,3

  • 1Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England)
|February 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The gastroduodenal junction regulates digestion via unique electrical and mechanical patterns. Understanding this region is key for diagnosing and treating gastrointestinal disorders like gastroparesis.

Keywords:
electrophysiologygastric emptyingmotilitypylorus

More Related Videos

Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.
09:29

Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.

Published on: September 18, 2014

10.3K
Technical Detail for Robot Assisted Pancreaticoduodenectomy
14:45

Technical Detail for Robot Assisted Pancreaticoduodenectomy

Published on: September 28, 2019

14.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2025

Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass Surgery in Diet-Induced Obese Diabetic Mice
08:50

Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass Surgery in Diet-Induced Obese Diabetic Mice

Published on: October 18, 2024

487
Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.
09:29

Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.

Published on: September 18, 2014

10.3K
Technical Detail for Robot Assisted Pancreaticoduodenectomy
14:45

Technical Detail for Robot Assisted Pancreaticoduodenectomy

Published on: September 28, 2019

14.4K

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Physiology
  • Bioelectrical and Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • The gastroduodenal junction, including the pyloric sphincter, is crucial for regulating digestive functions by acting as a mechanical and electrical barrier.
  • Distinct electrical patterns in the stomach, pylorus, and duodenum drive region-specific contractions, essential for proper digestion.
  • Disruptions in these coordinated mechanical behaviors are linked to clinical conditions such as gastroparesis and dumping syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the bioelectrical and mechanical characteristics of the gastroduodenal junction.
  • To highlight the importance of the gastroduodenal junction as a focus for novel gastrointestinal dysfunction biomarkers.
  • To propose hypotheses on gastroduodenal electromechanical coupling and suggest future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the anatomy, bioelectrical, and mechanical properties of the gastroduodenal junction.
  • Inferences drawn from animal studies and data from other gastrointestinal tract regions due to limited human physiological recordings.
  • Synthesis of current understanding to propose new hypotheses.

Main Results:

  • The gastroduodenal junction exhibits unique electrical and mechanical patterns critical for digestive regulation.
  • Improper organization of these patterns contributes to significant gastrointestinal motility disorders.
  • Limited direct human physiological data necessitates reliance on animal models and related GI tract data.

Conclusions:

  • The gastroduodenal junction's physiology is fundamental to digestive health and warrants focused investigation.
  • Further research into gastroduodenal electromechanical coupling is needed to advance understanding.
  • Improved physiological insights and novel diagnostic/therapeutic tools for this region are vital for clinical gastrointestinal medicine.