A Heterojunction Piezoelectric Antimicrobial Asymmetric Hydrogel for Dynamic Wound Healing and Monitoring

Dynamic wound care presents significant challenges for conventional dressings due to the complex environment and high-frequency motion associated with such injuries. In this study, a multifunctional photo-crosslinked piezoelectric hydrogel (OAPS) is developed, incorporating heterojunction Se-doped KH570 modified BaTiO₃ nanoparticles (Se-BT570 NPs) as a core component, and designed to address antimicrobial and monitoring needs in wound care, particularly at sites with high-frequency movement. The OAPS hydrogel effectively utilizes the inherent high-frequency motion in dynamic wounds, enhancing antimicrobial efficacy and enabling real-time monitoring of wound and human health statuses. This is achieved through the synergistic effects of piezoelectric properties and nano-heterostructures that enable self-driven charge transfer. Such integration allows for dual applications in both diagnosis and treatment. Experimental results demonstrated that the OAPS hydrogel exhibits excellent mechanical strength and adhesive properties, effectively adapting to high-frequency motion. Additionally, the hydrogel can be activated by dynamic wound environments to perform antimicrobial and wound monitoring functions, significantly accelerating the healing of dynamic wounds, with an efficacy rate of 99.75%. This study highlights the potential of piezoelectric nanomaterials in dynamic wound healing, offering a promising strategy for managing complex, dynamic wound care.