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Are post-exercise plasma glucose elevations involved in exercise-induced appetite suppression?
Derek P D Bornath1, Seth F McCarthy1, Jessica A L Tucker1
1Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Summary
Exercise influences appetite regulation, but glucose and insulin do not appear to be key factors. This study found that while exercise affects hormones like ghrelin and GLP-1, it does not impact glucose or insulin levels in a way that explains appetite changes.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Metabolic Regulation
- Appetite Control
Background:
- Glucose and insulin play roles in post-meal appetite regulation.
- The specific involvement of glucose and insulin in exercise-induced appetite changes remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of glucose and insulin in appetite regulation following different exercise intensities.
- To examine the effects of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and sprint interval training (SIT) on appetite-regulating hormones and perceptions.
Main Methods:
- Twelve participants completed three randomized crossover sessions: control, MICT, and SIT.
- Plasma glucose, insulin, acylated ghrelin, PYY, and GLP-1 were measured pre- and post-exercise.
- Appetite perceptions and energy intake were also recorded.
Main Results:
- Glucose levels increased post-exercise, but without differences between exercise types.
- Acylated ghrelin was suppressed by both MICT and SIT, with greater suppression from SIT.
- GLP-1 increased after MICT and SIT, while appetite was suppressed by SIT and MICT.
- No significant effects of exercise were observed on insulin, PYY, or overall energy intake.
Conclusions:
- Glucose and insulin do not appear to mediate appetite suppression following exercise.
- Hormones such as ghrelin and GLP-1, along with direct appetite perceptions, are more likely involved in exercise-induced appetite regulation.
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