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Relation between shape-tailored CeO2 nanoparticles morphology and hemocompatibility and antimicrobial effect
Zsejke-Réka Tóth1, Alexandra Feraru1, Kata Saszet1
1Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Treboniu Laurian str. 42, RO-400271, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Doctoral School in Physics, Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, M. Kogălniceanu str. 1, RO-400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Biomaterials Advances
|February 21, 2025
Summary
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) show promise in wound healing. Nanorod shapes demonstrated the best antibacterial, antifungal, and blood compatibility, making them ideal for biomedical applications.
Area of Science:
- Nanomaterials science
- Biomedical engineering
- Rare earth element chemistry
Background:
- Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) are extensively studied for their biomedical potential, especially in wound healing.
- The roles of different cerium oxidation states (Ce3+ and Ce4+) and nanoparticle morphologies in biological interactions remain unclear.
- Understanding cation distribution and surface properties is crucial for optimizing CeO2 NP applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cation location and surface properties of differently shaped CeO2 NPs (nanocube, nanosphere, nanorod, polyhedral).
- To evaluate the hemocompatibility, antibacterial, and antifungal properties of these CeO2 NPs.
- To correlate nanoparticle morphology and surface characteristics with their biological efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis and characterization of CeO2 NPs with various morphologies.
- Assessment of nanoparticle interaction with hemoglobin (Hb) for hemocompatibility.
- Evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities against relevant microorganisms.
- Analysis of surface properties including charge, Ce3+/Ce4+ distribution, and hydrophilicity.
Main Results:
- Nanosphere and nanorod CeO2 NPs exhibited the highest interaction with hemoglobin, indicating good hemocompatibility.
- Negatively charged nanoparticle surfaces enhanced antibacterial properties against gram-negative bacteria.
- A correlation was found between fungicidal activity and the presence of surface Ce3+ cations.
- Nanorod morphology was identified as the most suitable for antimicrobial applications due to its surface properties and ion distribution.
Conclusions:
- Nanoparticle morphology, surface area/volume ratio, crystallinity, hydrophilicity, Ce3+/Ce4+ distribution, and surface charge are key determinants of CeO2 NP applicability.
- CeO2 nanorods demonstrate superior hemocompatibility and potent antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) properties.
- These findings highlight the potential of tailored CeO2 nanorods for advanced wound healing and biomedical applications.
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