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Social factors associated with everyday functioning in older Black adults
Katrail Davis1, Matthew Calamia1
1Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS
|February 24, 2025
Summary
Social engagement in older Black adults can buffer the negative effects of cognitive decline on daily functioning. Increased social activity is linked to better everyday functioning, while larger social networks may be associated with impairment.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Public Health
Background:
- Successful aging is linked to independence in daily functioning.
- Cognitive decline can impact everyday functioning, particularly in older adults.
- Social determinants of health, including social engagement, influence functioning in older Black adults due to historical health disparities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate social engagement as a moderator between cognition and everyday functioning.
- To understand the role of social determinants of health in older Black adults' functioning.
- To examine how social factors influence the relationship between cognitive abilities and daily life activities.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 930 older Black adults across three longitudinal studies.
- Administered neuropsychological tests and questionnaires on social behaviors and everyday functioning.
- Employed hierarchical linear regressions to analyze the moderating effects of social factors.
Main Results:
- Late-life social activity attenuated the impact of global cognition on everyday functioning.
- Social engagement was independently associated with better everyday functioning.
- Larger social network size correlated with increased functional impairment.
Conclusions:
- Social interaction plays a significant role in maintaining everyday functioning in older Black adults.
- Interventions aimed at increasing social engagement may support cognitive health and daily living.
- Findings highlight the importance of social determinants in aging and cognitive health for this population.
Keywords:
Multicultural neuropsychologyagingcognitioninstrumental activities of daily livingsocialsocial determinants of healthMore Related Videos
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