Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 26, 2025

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
Published on: March 17, 2023
Pembrolizumab-induced thyroid storm
Ewelina Niedzialkowska1, Lark Steafo1, Sam Alsabti1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA.
Abstract:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are novel treatment modalities that have revolutionized the field of oncology. Their widespread use in various cancers and prolonged survival of patients led to the identification of a wide range of side effects associated with the therapy, known as immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). IrAEs are presumed to arise from immunologic enhancement and frequently result in endocrine disorders. Thyroid dysfunction is not uncommon during therapy with pembrolizumab and affects up to 13% to 14% of patients. Thyroid storm associated with ICIs is extremely rare. We present a case of a 34-year-old woman with metastatic ovarian carcinoma who developed thyroid storm shortly after an addition of pembrolizumab.
Related Concept Videos
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
The Thyroid Gland
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
Functions of Thyroid Hormones
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...

