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Probing the steel-concrete interface microstructure using FIB-SEM nanotomography.

Thilo Schmid1, Nicolas Ruffray1, Michele Griffa2

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|February 24, 2025
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Focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) nanotomography reveals detailed 3D pore structures at the steel-concrete interface (SCI). This advanced technique captures microstructural features crucial for understanding reinforced concrete durability and corrosion.

Keywords:
CorrosionDurabilityFIB-SEM nanotomographyMicrostructureSteel-concrete interface

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Corrosion Science

Background:

  • The steel-concrete interface (SCI) is critical for reinforced concrete durability, but its features influencing corrosion are poorly understood.
  • Complex SCI heterogeneity and lack of suitable experimental techniques hinder research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) nanotomography for high-resolution 3D imaging of the SCI.
  • To characterize the SCI's pore structure and its relevance to transport phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized FIB-SEM nanotomography to acquire 3D tomograms of non-corroded and corroded SCIs.
  • Developed an image processing pipeline for artifact reduction and segmentation into solid and pore phases.
  • Analyzed pore structure using diffusion tortuosity and porosity profiles.

Main Results:

  • Achieved voxel sizes of 30-50 nm, capturing relevant capillary pores for moisture and ion transport.
  • Identified pronounced anisotropy in the SCI pore structure.
  • Highlighted potential pitfalls and detector considerations for FIB-SEM application on SCI.

Conclusions:

  • FIB-SEM is a viable technique for high-resolution tomographic analysis of SCI pore structure.
  • Digital analysis of FIB-SEM data can inform transport models for improved concrete durability predictions.