Assessment of Lung Nodules in Children With Pediatric Sarcoma Undergoing [18F]-FDG-PET/MR for Staging

Bone and soft tissue pediatric sarcomas metastasize to the lungs, and computed tomography (CT) represents the diagnostic gold standard. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of turbo inversion recovery magnitude (TIRM), inverted TIRM (inverted turbo inversion recovery magnitude [iTIRM]), and T1-weighted (T1w) controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA) DIXON with water contrast for the diagnosis of lung metastases in children who underwent 18F-fluorydexoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance ([18F]-FDG-PET/MR) for staging. TIRM showed the highest sensitivity (84.62%), whereas iTIRM and T1w had higher specificity (89.13% and 100%, respectively). Magnetic resonance imaging provides a good diagnostic performance for pulmonary metastases in children with sarcomas using both fluid sensitive and T1w sequences.