Exploratory study of serum protein biomarkers for sudden cardiac arrest using protein extension assay: A case-control
Ha Yeon Shin1, Jeong Ho Park2,3,4, Kyoung-Chul Cha5,6
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Background:
Biomarkers associated with the occurrence of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) are not currently utilized in clinical practice. We aimed to identify novel protein biomarkers associated with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) using proteomic profiling and evaluate their predictive power alongside traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Methods:
A total of 42 SCA patients with medical causes, aged ≤ 65 years and whose initial rhythm was shockable, and 42 age- and sex-matched controls were analyzed. The initial serum samples obtained after emergency department visits were used for SCA cases. Using a protein extension assay, we identified significant biomarkers through correlation analysis with SCA and extracted proteins with no or weak correlation with the initial lactate level and arrest-to-sampling time to account for post-cardiac arrest changes. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was calculated to assess the predictive performance of the extracted proteins.
Results:
Among the 246 distinct proteins that met quality criteria, 97 showed a strong correlation with SCA. Among these 97 proteins, 44 showed weak or no correlation with lactate levels, and 12 showed weak or no correlation with onset-to-sampling time. Two proteins (AXL receptor tyrosine kinase [AXL] and TIMP Metallopeptidase inhibitor 4 [TIMP-4]) met all the criteria for biomarker extraction. Both showed significant associations with SCA and enhanced predictive power when combined with traditional risk factors in multivariable analysis. The AUROC for the baseline model using traditional risk factors was 0.692 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.578-0.806), which improved significantly with the addition of AXL and TIMP-4 (AUROC [95% CI] 0.891 [0.817-0.964] and 0.910 [0.910-0.997], respectively).
Conclusion:
AXL and TIMP-4 may be crucial role in the early detection and risk assessment of SCA. Future research to verify the utility of AXL and TIMP-4 in large cohorts is warranted.
More Related Videos
05:30Author Spotlight: Advancing the Analysis of Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Proteome for Cardiovascular Biomarker Studies
Published on: January 31, 2025
11:03Use of Capillary Electrophoresis Immunoassay to Search for Potential Biomarkers of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Human Platelets
Published on: February 10, 2020
Related Concept Videos
01:20Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
01:19Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...