Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Design Example01:23

Design Example

316
The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...
316
Frequency Response of Op Amp Circuits01:20

Frequency Response of Op Amp Circuits

288
Operational amplifiers (op-amp) are used in signal conditioning, filtering, or for performing mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, integration, and differentiation. The frequency response of an op-amp is an important aspect that describes how the gain of the amplifier varies with frequency.
Frequency Response and Gain:
The gain of the op-amp, A(ω), is not a constant but a function of the input signal frequency. An op-amp can maintain a constant gain at low frequencies,...
288
Bus Impedance Matrix01:24

Bus Impedance Matrix

98
Calculating subtransient fault currents for three-phase faults in an N-bus power system involves using the positive-sequence network. When a three-phase short circuit occurs at a specific bus, the analysis uses the superposition method to evaluate two separate circuits.
In the first circuit, all machine voltage sources are short-circuited, leaving only the prefault voltage source at the fault location. The positive-sequence bus impedance matrix can be determined by solving the nodal equations,...
98
Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

181
The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
181
Characteristics of Practical Op Amps01:16

Characteristics of Practical Op Amps

444
A difference amplifier, a crucial component in numerous electronic devices, ideally amplifies only the difference-mode signal, which is the difference between two input signals. However, in practical circuits, the output voltage depends on both the differential gain and the common-mode gain.
The ratio of differential gain to the common-mode gain is defined as the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). This ratio quantifies the ability of operational amplifiers (op-amps) to reject common-mode...
444
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain01:26

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

85
Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear....
85

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Computational and deep-learning-guided design of raspberry ketone synthase towards concurrent gains in activity and thermostability.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same author

One-Dimensional and Pseudo-Two-Dimensional Helicene Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Regiospecific biosynthesis of natural sweetener hesperetin dihydrochalcone from phloretin via designed dual-enzyme whole-cell cascade.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same author

Coculture Corynebacterium glutamicum and Bacillus licheniformis for producing poly-γ-glutamic acid from glucose.

Applied microbiology and biotechnology·2025
Same author

Homochiral Helicene Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

Biogeographic affinity partly shapes woody plant diversity along an elevational gradient in subtropical forests.

Plant diversity·2025
Same journal

Turbulent flow in a vortex separator with a directed pipe inlet.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Systematic characteristic evaluation of clay-based cementitious material derived from calcium carbide residue and waste tile powder.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Retraction Note: Improvement of a rapid diagnostic application of monoclonal antibodies against avian influenza H7 subtype virus using Europium nanoparticles.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Applying large language models to spam detection in the Kazakh low-resource language setting.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

An open-source 3D printing system enabling in-situ freeze-thaw processing of hydrogels.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

An enhanced EfficientNet framework for automated waste classification using cosine annealing and label smoothing.

Scientific reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2025

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters
15:25

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters

Published on: February 4, 2018

6.1K

Robust differential microphone array with constant mainlobe width and frequency-invariant directivity factor.

Pu Zheng1, Yongfeng Zhi2

  • 1School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China.

Scientific Reports
|February 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new design for robust differential microphone arrays, achieving high white noise gain and frequency-invariant directivity. The method enhances acoustic performance by eliminating high-frequency nulls and maintaining consistent mainlobe width.

Keywords:
Differential microphone arrays (DMAs)Directivity factorRobust DMAsWhite noise gain

More Related Videos

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
10:35

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

Published on: September 26, 2014

12.2K
Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface
06:14

Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface

Published on: July 30, 2020

4.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2025

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters
15:25

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters

Published on: February 4, 2018

6.1K
Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
10:35

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

Published on: September 26, 2014

12.2K
Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface
06:14

Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface

Published on: July 30, 2020

4.8K

Area of Science:

  • Acoustics and Signal Processing
  • Array Signal Processing

Background:

  • Differential beamforming offers advantages in size and directivity for acoustic applications.
  • White noise gain (WNG) is crucial for microphone array robustness, but achieving high WNG with frequency-invariant directivity factor (DF) is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel design method for nonuniform linear robust differential microphone arrays (DMAs).
  • To address the challenge of simultaneously achieving high WNG and frequency-invariant DF in DMAs.

Main Methods:

  • Design of nonuniform linear robust DMAs.
  • Elimination of high-frequency extra nulls in the mainlobe.
  • Ensuring frequency-invariant DF and consistent mainlobe width.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method eliminates high-frequency extra nulls, preserving robustness.
  • Achieved frequency-invariant DF and consistent mainlobe width.
  • Obtained WNG comparable to maximum WNG methods while avoiding their high-frequency limitations.

Conclusions:

  • The new design method enhances acoustic performance in complex environments.
  • Mitigates high-frequency, frequency-dependent variations in mainlobe width and DF.
  • Offers a robust solution for differential microphone array design with improved performance characteristics.