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Validity, reliability and Turkish adaptation of Preschool Activity Card Sort in autism spectrum disorder

Büşra Yeğiner Dinçer1, Orkun Tahir Aran1, Sedef Şahin1

  • 1Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Samanpazarı, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

Child Neuropsychology : a Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence
|February 25, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The Turkish Preschool Activity Card Sort (PACS) is a valid and reliable tool for assessing activity participation in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This adaptation ensures cultural relevance for Turkish children with ASD.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Therapy
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Health

Background:

  • Activity participation is crucial for preschool children's development.
  • The Preschool Activity Card Sort (PACS) is a tool to measure activity participation.
  • Cultural adaptation of assessment tools is essential for accurate evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To culturally adapt the Preschool Activity Card Sort (PACS) into Turkish.
  • To assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish PACS.
  • To evaluate activity participation in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cross-sectional study design.
  • Participants: 70 children with ASD and 27 typically developing children (ages 3-6).
  • Validity assessed via construct validity; reliability via internal consistency and test-retest methods.

Main Results:

  • Children with ASD scored significantly lower on the PACS than controls (p < 0.01).
  • PACS correlated with the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), except for household chores.
  • High internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.94) and excellent reliability (ICC) across most sub-domains.

Conclusions:

  • The Turkish version of the PACS is a valid and reliable instrument.
  • It effectively measures activity participation in Turkish preschool children with ASD.
  • This adapted tool supports culturally sensitive occupational therapy interventions.
Abstract

Keywords:
Participationautismpreschoolreliabilityvalidity

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