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Macroalgae contain bioactive compounds with anticancer properties, offering a natural alternative to conventional cancer treatments. Further research is needed to develop these marine natural products into effective clinical therapies.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

  • Cancer presents a significant global health challenge, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Existing cancer treatments often have severe side effects, driving the search for alternative approaches.
  • Natural compounds, particularly from marine sources like macroalgae, show promise for cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the anticancer properties of macroalgae.
  • To identify key bioactive compounds within macroalgae responsible for these effects.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of action underlying macroalgae's anticancer activities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific studies on macroalgae and cancer.
  • Analysis of identified bioactive compounds (polysaccharides, polyphenols, terpenoids).
  • Examination of reported anticancer mechanisms (antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, pro-apoptotic, immunomodulatory).

Main Results:

  • Macroalgae are rich in bioactive compounds like fucoidans, alginates, phlorotannins, and terpenoids.
  • These compounds demonstrate significant anticancer activities, including inhibiting cell proliferation and angiogenesis.
  • Macroalgae-derived compounds can induce apoptosis and modulate the immune system in cancer models.

Conclusions:

  • Macroalgae represent a valuable source of natural compounds with demonstrated anticancer potential.
  • The diverse bioactive molecules and mechanisms offer promising avenues for novel cancer treatments.
  • Further preclinical and clinical research is essential to translate these findings into viable therapeutic applications.