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Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
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Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

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Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
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The Thoracic Cage: Ribs01:20

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Ribs are curved, flattened bones forming the thoracic cavity wall with the thoracic muscles. There are 12 pairs of thoracic ribs. The posterior ends of all the ribs articulate with the T1–T12 thoracic vertebrae. In contrast,the anterior ends of most ribs attach to the sternum via their costal cartilages.
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The Thoracic Cage: Sternum01:17

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The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
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Updated: May 25, 2025

Visualization of Chondrocyte Intercalation and Directional Proliferation via Zebrabow Clonal Cell Analysis in the Embryonic Meckel’s Cartilage
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Chondrichthyan cartilage.

Victoria Camilieri-Asch1, Shaun P Collin2, Dietmar W Hutmacher1

  • 1Max Planck Queensland Centre (MPQC) for the Materials Science of Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technology (CBT), Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling and Manufacturing (M3D), Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering (MMPE), Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia.

Current Biology : CB
|February 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores cartilage biology in chondrichthyans, the diverse group of fishes including sharks and rays. Researchers detail the unique biological aspects of cartilage in these cartilaginous fish.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Comparative Anatomy
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Chondrichthyans, encompassing sharks and rays, represent an ancient lineage of cartilaginous fishes.
  • Understanding their unique skeletal structure, particularly cartilage, is crucial for evolutionary and biological insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of cartilage biology in chondrichthyans.
  • To highlight the specific characteristics and functions of cartilage in sharks and rays.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on chondrichthyan cartilage.
  • Comparative analysis of cartilage structure and development across different chondrichthyan species.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of the cellular composition and extracellular matrix of chondrichthyan cartilage.
  • Identification of key molecular and developmental pathways regulating cartilage formation and maintenance in these fishes.
  • Discussion of the functional adaptations of cartilage in relation to locomotion, support, and sensory systems in sharks and rays.

Conclusions:

  • Cartilage in chondrichthyans exhibits distinct features compared to other vertebrates, reflecting their unique evolutionary history.
  • Further research into chondrichthyan cartilage biology can offer insights into skeletal development and regeneration.