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Shared practices among primary health care workers: A time-motion study.

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Multiprofessional teams in Primary Health Care (PHC) engage in significant shared activities, enhancing care. Further evaluation of PHC indicators is needed to better reflect collaborative practices.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Primary Health Care
  • Teamwork in Healthcare

Background:

  • Shared activities among health workers are vital for improving population health, patient experience, and team well-being.
  • Effective collaboration enhances the overall quality and effectiveness of healthcare delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze shared activities performed by Primary Health Care (PHC) team members.
  • To differentiate between multiprofessional and uniprofessional team practices in PHC.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive study utilizing the time-motion technique was conducted in São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Direct observations of Family Health Teams (FHT), Oral Health Teams (OHT), and Multiprofessional Teams (MultiT) were performed between 2021 and 2022.
  • Data included frequency and duration of shared activities and information exchange among workers.

Main Results:

  • Out of 21,936 observed activities, 27.10% were shared, with multiprofessional teams accounting for 63.9% of these.
  • Shared activities consumed 26.26% of the total observation time.
  • Nurses in FHT and dentists in uniprofessional settings showed high engagement in shared practices, with FHT dedicating 80% of their time to shared activities.

Conclusions:

  • Multiprofessional work in PHC serves as a foundation for interprofessional collaboration.
  • Current PHC indicators primarily focus on individual activities, necessitating a re-evaluation to better capture and incentivize shared and collaborative practices.