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Updated: May 25, 2025
Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
Published on: March 20, 2020
Divide and Conquer-Targeted Therapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Milica Nedeljković1, Ana Vuletić1, Katarina Mirjačić Martinović1
1Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Abstract:
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and malignant type of breast cancer with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. One of the most significant impediments in TNBC treatment is the high heterogeneity of this disease, as highlighted by the detection of several molecular subtypes of TNBC. Each subtype is driven by distinct mutations and pathway aberrations, giving rise to specific molecular characteristics closely connected to clinical behavior, outcomes, and drug sensitivity. This review summarizes the knowledge regarding TNBC molecular subtypes and how it can be harnessed to devise tailored treatment strategies instead of blindly using targeted drugs. We provide an overview of novel targeted agents and key insights about new treatment modalities with an emphasis on the androgen receptor signaling pathway, cancer stem cell-associated pathways, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway, growth factor signaling, and immunotherapy.
Insights
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive with poor outcomes. Understanding its molecular subtypes enables personalized treatments targeting specific pathways for better drug sensitivity and patient prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genomics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options.
- TNBC exhibits significant molecular heterogeneity, characterized by distinct subtypes.
- This heterogeneity complicates treatment strategies and contributes to poor patient prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on TNBC molecular subtypes.
- To explore how understanding these subtypes can inform tailored treatment strategies.
- To highlight novel targeted agents and treatment modalities for TNBC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on TNBC molecular subtypes.
- Analysis of distinct mutations and pathway aberrations driving TNBC.
- Examination of targeted agents and treatment modalities.
Main Results:
- Identification of several distinct molecular subtypes within TNBC.
- Association of specific molecular characteristics with clinical behavior and drug sensitivity.
- Overview of targeted therapies focusing on key signaling pathways.
Conclusions:
- Tailored treatment strategies based on TNBC molecular subtypes are crucial.
- Targeting specific pathways like androgen receptor, PI3K/AKT, and growth factor signaling shows promise.
- Immunotherapy represents a key emerging treatment modality for TNBC.
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