The Role of the Fox Gene in Breast Cancer Progression

Forkhead box (FOX) genes are a family of transcription factors that participate in many biological activities, from early embryogenesis to the formation of organs, and from regulation of glucose metabolism to regulation of longevity. Given the extensive influence in the multicellular process, FOX family proteins are responsible for the progression of many types of cancers, especially lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and other cancers. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, and 2.3 million women were diagnosed in 2020. So, various drugs targeting the FOX signaling pathway have been developed to inhibit breast cancer progression. While the role of the FOX family gene in cancer development has not received enough attention, discovering more potential drugs targeting the FOX signaling pathway is urgently demanded. Here, we review the main members in the FOX gene family and summarize their signaling pathway, including the regulation of the FOX genes and their effects on breast cancer progression. We hope this review will emphasize the understanding of the role of the FOX gene in breast cancer and inspire the discovery of effective anti-breast cancer medicines targeting the FOX gene in the future.