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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Reservoir of Infection01:30

Reservoir of Infection

Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...
Smallpox01:24

Smallpox

Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.
Rabies01:28

Rabies

Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Evaluation of a Universal Nested Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection of Lyssaviruses
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Evaluation of a Universal Nested Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection of Lyssaviruses

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Infection and Prevention of Rabies Viruses.

Shiu-Jau Chen1,2, Chung-I Rai3, Shao-Cheng Wang4,5,6

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan.

Microorganisms
|February 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rabies prevention relies on vaccines, but challenges exist. New purified Vero cell-cultured rabies vaccines (PVRV) and mRNA-based vaccines offer improved safety and efficacy for humans and animals.

Keywords:
mRNA-based vaccinepost-exposurepre-exposurepre-exposure and post exposure vaccinationpurified Vero cell-cultured freeze-dried rabies vaccinerabies

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Area of Science:

  • * Virology and Immunology
  • * Vaccinology
  • * Public Health

Background:

  • * Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease causing approximately 59,000 global human deaths annually.
  • * The virus's lifecycle and pathogenic mechanisms impede effective host immune responses.
  • * Current vaccination strategies, while effective, face limitations in promotion and distribution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review advancements in rabies vaccine development.
  • * To highlight novel vaccine platforms addressing existing limitations.
  • * To assess the potential of new rabies vaccines for enhanced prevention.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of scientific literature on rabies vaccine development.
  • * Analysis of pre-clinical and clinical trial data for novel vaccines.
  • * Evaluation of purified Vero cell-cultured rabies vaccine (PVRV) and mRNA-based vaccine technologies.

Main Results:

  • * Purified Vero cell-cultured rabies vaccine (PVRV) shows promise for increased effectiveness and security.
  • * mRNA-based vaccines demonstrate potential for enhanced safety and efficacy in both animal and human rabies prevention.
  • * Ongoing development aims for more effective, convenient, safer, and cost-efficient rabies vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • * Novel rabies vaccine development is crucial to overcome existing challenges.
  • * PVRV and mRNA technologies represent significant advancements in rabies prevention.
  • * Future vaccines are expected to improve global rabies control efforts.