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Updated: May 25, 2025

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Three-Component Accelerometer Based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing.

Zongxiao Zhang1, Qingwen Liu1, Rongrong Niu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2025
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A novel three-dimensional optical fiber accelerometer was developed for seismic wave detection. It demonstrates performance comparable to electrical accelerometers, enabling long-distance seismic monitoring arrays.

Keywords:
accelerometerfiber optic sensorseismic measurementthree-dimensional vibration

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Optical Sensing
  • Instrumentation

Background:

  • Three-component accelerometers are crucial for seismic wave detection.
  • Existing accelerometers face limitations in large-scale, long-distance seismic monitoring.
  • Optical fiber sensing offers potential for distributed and robust measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate a three-dimensional optical fiber accelerometer for seismic wave detection.
  • To develop a method for reconstructing acceleration from distributed fiber optic strain data.
  • To assess the performance and potential applications of the developed optical fiber accelerometer.

Main Methods:

  • A circular cross-section cantilever beam and a distributed optical fiber strain interrogator were utilized.
  • An externally modulated optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) system with centimeter-level resolution was employed for strain demodulation.
  • An algorithm was derived to reconstruct three-component acceleration from optical fiber strain data, with error analysis.

Main Results:

  • The optical fiber accelerometer achieved performance comparable to traditional electrical accelerometers.
  • Experimental results showed a correlation coefficient exceeding 0.9 between reconstructed and electrical accelerometer waveforms.
  • The angular error in acceleration reconstruction was less than 8 degrees.

Conclusions:

  • The developed three-dimensional optical fiber accelerometer shows high compatibility with distributed optical fiber sensing.
  • This technology presents significant potential for long-distance array deployment in seismic wave monitoring.
  • The findings pave the way for enhanced seismic monitoring networks with improved spatial coverage and sensitivity.