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Vaccine Production

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Engineering and Evolution of Synthetic Adeno-Associated Virus AAV Gene Therapy Vectors via DNA Family Shuffling

Engineering and Evolution of Synthetic Adeno-Associated Virus AAV Gene Therapy Vectors via DNA Family Shuffling

Published on: April 2, 2012

A novel platform for engineered AAV-based vaccines.

Sabrina Babutzka¹, Miranda Gehrke¹, Anastasia Papadopoulou²

¹Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.

Molecular Therapy. Methods & Clinical Development

|February 26, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Engineered adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsids display SARS-CoV-2 antigens, creating a novel vaccine platform. This platform elicits robust humoral and cellular immune responses against the virus.

Keywords:

AAV capsid cellular response engineered capsid humoral response protein carrier vaccine virus-like particles

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Isolation of Next-Generation Gene Therapy Vectors through Engineering, Barcoding, and Screening of Adeno-Associated Virus AAV Capsid Variants

Published on: October 18, 2022

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Isolation of Next-Generation Gene Therapy Vectors through Engineering, Barcoding, and Screening of Adeno-Associated Virus AAV Capsid Variants

Isolation of Next-Generation Gene Therapy Vectors through Engineering, Barcoding, and Screening of Adeno-Associated Virus AAV Capsid Variants

Published on: October 18, 2022

Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Biotechnology

Background:

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid engineering enhances gene therapy vectors.
AAV technology can be adapted for applications beyond gene therapy, such as vaccine development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate modified AAV capsids as scaffolds for presenting large immunogenic antigens.
To develop a novel vaccine platform using AAV to elicit strong, specific immune responses against pathogens like SARS-CoV-2.

Main Methods:

Engineered AAV2 and AAV9 capsids by introducing approximately 200 amino acids of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD).
Created AAV2.RBD and AAV9.RBD capsids (AAV.RBDs) and assessed their SARS-CoV-2-like properties, including angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor affinity.
Tested neutralization by human sera from vaccinated donors and evaluated immune responses in rabbits and human lymphocytes.

Main Results:

Engineered AAV.RBDs exhibited SARS-CoV-2-like properties, including ACE2 receptor binding.
AAV.RBDs were neutralized by sera from individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2.
Subcutaneous administration in rabbits induced a strong humoral response against SARS-CoV-2 RBD, and triggered RBD-specific cellular immunity in human lymphocytes.

Conclusions:

A novel AAV-based vaccine platform was developed for presenting large antigenic sequences.
This platform elicits strong and specific immune responses, offering a versatile approach for diseases with challenging immunization strategies.