Advanced Anion Exchange Membranes: Structural Insights and Property Optimization

With the increasing demand for clean energy, driven by advancements in science and technology, anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) have emerged as a promising solution for efficient and clean energy conversion. As the core component of AEMFCs, anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are crucial for ion transport and the separation of the cathode and anode. The performance of AEMs primarily depends on two key factors: ionic conductivity and stability, which often require a delicate balance. The ion conduction process is closely linked to the membrane's microscopic structure. This concept article reviews the development of various AEM types, including homogeneous polymer membranes, hybrid membranes, and nanoporous framework membranes, with a focus on their structural characteristics. Additionally, it explores the design and optimization of AEMs in relation to key properties such as ionic conductivity, dimensional stability, and alkali resistance, providing a reference for future innovations in ion-exchange membranes for AEMFCs.